biblio tools
Bibliographic resources
UGent library gateway
UGent metabrowser: ELIN@Gent
ELIN=Electronic Library Information Network
ELIN@Gent = the local implementation of ELIN at UGent
- Connect [within UGent network]
- About ELIN:
- Alwerud, Anna & Jorgensen, Lotte (2005) ELIN@: Electronic Library Information Navigator - Towards the "One Stop Shop". The Acquisitions Librarian 17(33/34): 85-95. DOI 10.1300/J101v17n33_08.
UGent bibliographic resources for linguists
Hyperlinked navigation map of search engines, databases and full-text repositories relevant for linguists. The map includes links to free resources, and resources available at UGent.
OpenURL @UGent: SFX
The OpenURL system (see "OpenURL: Links to full-text through your institution" below for more information) used at UGent is SFX.
- About SFX
- SFX stands for "Special effects". It was developed at the Library Automation Department at UGent, by Herbert Van de Sompel. It was commercialised and is sold by ExLibris.
- About SFX:
- SFX enabled bibliographic resources at UGent (only those relevant for linguists are mentioned):
- EBSCOHost (and databases provided through EBSCOHost: Academic Search Elite, ERIC, MLA Directory of Periodicals, MLA International Bibliography)
- Google Scholar (after activation)
- ISI Web of Knowledge
- MeerCat
- ScienceDirect
- Scirus (after activation)
Domain authentication @UGent & VPN
Some bibliographic (and other) resources work through domain authentication (or IP authentication). This means that you have to work within the UGent domain in order to have access to them. This is automatically the case when you work at a university computer (as in the computer classrooms, or computers at the departments). When you work at home, you have to set up a VPN (Virtual Private Network) connection in order to log on to the institutional domain. In order to do so, you need VPN client software (incorporated in some operators, and available as separate package, such as the Cisco VPN Client used at UGent.
- How to set up a VPN connection at UGent:
- In order to set up a VPN at UGent, you need to install Cisco VPN Client, and configure it for logging on to the UGent domain. See the information provided by helpdesk.ugent.be.
Through OpenURL links, you are automatically connected to ejournals or full-text versions of articles to which you have access through your institution.
What is OpenURL & how does it work?
- OpenURL is a protocol (a standardized syntax) for transforming bibliographic data (metadata) into a URL. This URL contains the metadata, and points to a destination.
- The destination is a web server, called link resolver, which contains information about all the electronic collections to which a library subscribes.
- The link resolver works as follows:
- it decodes the metadata provided by the OpenURL;
- it locates the full-text (or print) copy of the reference in the library;
- it generates a link to the full-text, and/or to the library's catalog (if you click the latter, you automatically search for a print copy through the library's catalog).
- The link resolver works on the basis of a commercial software package.
- For UGent, this is SFX (by ExLibris).
- Others include, e.g. WebBridge, VLink, LinkSource.
- A content provider (a web search engine or electronic database) which generates OpenURLs is called OpenURL enabled.
- Some content providers automatically contain OpenURL buttons or links, for others you have to activate it. Information on how to activate OpenURL linking is included for individual content providers (search engines and databases) on this website.
- The link can be provided on two levels: article level (this is the most practical: the link points to the article itself and its availability (as e-text or print version) in the library), or journal level (the link points to the journal, and you still have to navigate to the article that is referenced).
- The link resolver at an institution works through domain authentication. This means that, when you work at home, you will probably have to set up a VPN connection if you want OpenURL links to appear when you search content providers.
- Synonyms:
- (electronic) content provider
- (electronic) content delivery platform
- online gateway service; electronic journal gateway service
- Content providers can be general or publisher specific.
- Publisher-specific content providers link to e-journals published by them only.
- General content providers are either independent, or provided by a publisher (e.g. Elsevier ScienceDirect). They are 'general' in that they are not restricted to e-journals published by a particular publisher. However, some of these index items published by a limited set of publishers.
General content delivery platforms
EBSCOhost
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Connect
- About EBSCOhost
- OpenURL enabled.
- Search platform which comprises several bibliographic databases. It is possible to combine databases and perform a metasearch.
- At UGent the following databases are provided through EBSCOhost (list limited to databases relevant for linguistics for information about these databases, see below under "Bibliographic databases"):
- Academic Search Elite
- ERIC
- MLA Directory of Periodicals
- MLA International Bibliography
- Generate a coverage list (note: the list may take some time to load completely).
ISI Web of Knowledge
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Connect
- About ISI Web of Knowledge
- Comprises the following databases relevant for linguists:
- WoS Web of Science
- Connect
- About Web of Science
- Web of Science includes the following databases relevant for linguists:
- Social Sciences Citation Index
- Arts & Humanities Citation Index
- ISI Proceedings
- Connect
- About ISI Proceedings
ScienceDirect
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Connect
- About ScienceDirect: ScienceDirect Info Site
- OpenURL enabled.
- Search platform which is part of Elsevier. Searches electronic journals published by several publishers.
Scopus
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Note: UGent does not (yet) subscribe to Scopus.
- Connect
- About Scopus:
Content delivery platforms grouping publishers
Publishers who don't have their own content delivery platform, select a hosting service to make their content available online. These services are also referred to as
- e-content hosting services
- multi-publisher linking platforms
Atypon Link
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Connect
- About:
InformaWorld
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Connect
- About :
- Covers electronic content published by Taylor & Francis, and Routledge.
IngentaConnect
MetaPress
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Connect
SwetsWise
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Note: UGent does not subscribe to SwetsWise.
- Connect
Publisher-specific content delivery platforms
Clicking an OpenURL link, which points you to the electronic version of a paper (if your library has the journal under subscription), often brings you to the relevant page in a publisher's content delivery platform.
These platforms can be used for bibliographic searches, but they are limited in that they contain only links to journals published by a particular publisher. However, these platforms have their own advantage: when a publisher has its own content delivery platform, it often also provides links to the most recently published articles (which are sometimes excluded from other providers, due to publisher moratoriums), and sometimes articles are made available online before they appear in the printed version of the journal.
Blackwell Synergy
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Connect
- List of linguistic journals covered.
Cambridge Journals
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Connect.
- List of linguistic journals covered.
Elsevier
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Elsevier makes its electronic content available through ScienceDirect.
- Hyperlinked list of linguistic journals available online.
MITCogNet
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Gateway for brain sciences. Provides access to electronic content related to brain sciences, published by MIT Press (journals, books, reference works).
- Connect.
MIT Press Journals
Oxford Journals
- Subsciption based; access through domain authentication.
- Connect.
Sage Journals Online
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Connect.
SpringerLink
- Subscription based; access through domain authentication.
- Connect.
- Generate a list of linguistic journals covered.
Searchable archives of electronic (and digitized) journals
JSTOR
Project Muse
This section focusses on tools that can manage the task of creating and changing citations, and storing them for personal use.
Online (web-based) bibliographic management tools
The tools mentioned in this section are all free, except those marked by the symbol.
CiteULike
Connotea
EndNote Web
- Freely available for users of ISI Web of Knowledge.
- If you have an ISI Web of Knowledge account, you can use the same login credentials to log on to My EndNote Web.
- Connect.
RefWorks
Stand-alone bibliographic management software
Stand-alone bibliographic management packages mostly have the following functionalities:
- Manual entry of citations.
- Advanced data entry functions:
- Automatic capture of citations from web sites and/or electronic documents.
- Remote database searching and direct data import of selected citations (through OpenURL support).
- Search and retrieval of database records.
- Data exchange with other systems through import and export filters.
- Creating and formatting a bibliography or list of references, according to a conventional citation style.
- Advanced: Support of Cite While You Write (CWYW), a feature for adding citations while you are writing a text (e.g. in Microsoft Word), and producing a fully formatted list of works cited.
BibDesk
Bibliographix
Bookends
EndNote
- By Thomson ResearchSoft
- www.endnote.com
- UGent has an institutional license for EndNote. The package is made available through the Athena software server.
- Further information about the use of EndNote is provided by helpdesk.ugent.be: click here (pages only accessible within the UGent network).
Papers
ProCite
Sente
Reference Manager
- By Thomson ResearchSoft
- www.refman.com
- UGent has an institutional license for Reference Manager. The package is made available through the Athena software server.
- Further information about the use of Reference Manager, and a manual (in Dutch) is available at helpdesk.ugent.be: click here (pages only accessible within the UGent network).
Database applications
You can also set up your own bibliographic database by using a general database package. The advantage is that such a system can be much more flexible than the specialist packages mentioned above (e.g. you can also create a relational database, and link your bibliography to your address book database, or to another database (e.g. a database with the data analysis for your research), you can add more fields)). The disadvantage is of course that you have to be database-savvy, and that you have to set up the whole system yourself (if you want the same functionality as the specialist packages, e.g. export functions, CWYW, this requires a lot of work).
The most well-known database applications are FileMaker Pro and Microsoft Access (for more information, see ICT tools > Databases.
Further information and comparison charts
- Electronic Research (Berkeley University): software feature summaries, reviews, comparison charts. [no longer updated since 1999]
- Francesco Dell'Orso's (University of Perugia) Bibliography Management Software site. Contains detailed, comprehensive information, including comparison charts of EndNote, ProCite, Reference Manager and RefWorks.
- ADept Scientific: comparison of EndNote, EndNote Web, ProCite and Reference Manager.
- Comparison of free bibliographic management tools, by S.M. Mahbub Murshed in his blog "Beyond My Mind" [2007-03-04]
In linguistics, the MLA style and the APA style are the most commonly used. Recently, a group of linguistics journals editors have developed a unified stylesheet. More and more linguistic journals are adpoting its guidelines, either in their totality, or in combination with their own specifications.
APA citation style
The APA citation style is described in Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. Summaries are available at various places, e.g.:
- Long Island University library: overview on the APA citation style
- Cornell University Library: summary of the APA citation style
- See APAStyle.org for further information, also about other publications relating to the APA style.
MLA citation style
The MLA citation style is described in MLA Handbook for Writers and Research Papers. Summaries are available on various sites, including:
- Long Island University library: overview of the MLA citation style
- Cornell University Library: summary of the MLA citation style
Unified Style Sheet for Linguistics Journals
A consensus style sheet established by a group of linguistics journals editors. The style sheet is available: